As Olivia Culpo took her
predictable winner's walk down the runway as the first Miss USA to win Miss
Universe in 15 years, she was -- as they all are-- smiling, crying and fidgeting
to keep her crown in place.
But something else was different. The 20-year-old Boston University sophomore is a brown-haired, brown-eyed woman who looks more like Salma Hayek than Gwyneth Paltrow. This could be a symbol of progress. It could be that as a culture we are broadening our image of physical perfection to be more inclusive and representative of society.
Many perhaps were expecting a stereotypical American - blond-haired and blue-eyed in the mold of Grace Kelly, Marilyn Monroe, Cheryl Tiegs, Kate Hudson, Kirsten Dunst and Amanda Seyfried.
But perusing past Miss USA winners, all of them genetically blessed no matter what the color of their hair, an interesting trend emerges. Since 2000, eight Miss USA winners (including Culpo) have been brunettes, four have been blondes and one was a redhead.
Brook Lee was the last Miss USA to wear the Miss Universe crown in 1997 and she had dark hair as well. While blondes may have more fun, it's clear the Miss USA and Miss Universe pageants prefer brunettes.
Could the look of the quintessential American beauty be changing as our population changes?
The U.S. Census Bureau estimates by 2043 whites will no longer be the majority in America. The Hispanic population is expected to more than double by 2060, making nearly one in every three U.S. residents Hispanic compared to one in six today. The black and Asian populations are on the rise as well, according to the census bureau. Perhaps, as our population has become more colorful and inclusive so has our definition of beauty.
Don't misunderstand; in no way do I condone or excuse objectifying women with a judgment on their external attributes. But it is helpful as a measure of how our culture perceives what is beautiful and how that perception might be changing.
Miss Maryland, Nana Meriwether, will take over Culpo's duties here as the new Miss USA. And in keeping with the trend she is a brunette.
Of course stereotypes persist -- "Modern Family" actress and Pepsi spokeswoman Sofia Vergara dyes her naturally blond hair brown to make her look more typically Latina.
And who can forget Dayana Mendoza? She not only won Donald Trump's 2008 Miss Universe contest, she also appeared on his 2012 edition of Celebrity Apprentice.
Throughout the season Ms. Mendoza was continually lambasted by her cast-mates, especially comedian Lisa Lampanelli. She was attacked for apparently not being smart, not working hard and in general being a bimbo. Mendoza didn't win, but she fought back and lasted longer than even she expected before hearing the infamous words from Trump, "You're fired."
Mendoza, who's from Venezuela, made it her mission on the show - along with raising money for charity -- to prove that a woman can have beauty and brains.
Culpo is also no dummy. She attends Boston University, graduated high school with honors and as a member of the National Honor Society. Her family says she conquered the cello in the second grade and played with renowned musician Yo-Yo Ma and performed at Carnegie Hall.
Music is in Culpo's genes -- both of her parents are professional musicians. But extraordinary height is not part of her DNA.
Of the 10 Miss Universe finalists she was by far the shortest woman on the stage. Culpo stands a diminutive 5-feet, 5-and-a-half-inches tall and in a world where beautiful women tend to tower toward 6-feet tall and still wear platform heels, it's nice to know a more down-to-earth woman can win too.
Like most all Americans in the 21st century, Culpo has a melting pot heritage. Culpo's father is of Italian decent and her mother is a mix of Italian and Irish ancestry.
But she looks to a Belgian-born icon for her beauty inspiration. According to Culpo's Miss USA profile she is a fan of the late actress and humanitarian Audrey Hepburn and keeps a journal of the actress's quotes.
As Hepburn did, Culpo will now champion a cause worldwide. During her year-long reign as Miss Universe she will travel around the globe to support HIV/AIDS prevention, according to the official website for Miss Universe.
I would like to suggest one more mission for the newly crowned Miss Universe - breaking beauty stereotypes. She's already proven you don't have to be a dumb blonde, and you don't have to be long and leggy to be gorgeous.
Next let's bust the beauty myth that you have to be a size zero.We recently added Stained glass mosaic Tile to our inventory. Perhaps one day we'll see a Miss USA or Miss Universe who is a size 10. And perhaps she can openly be a representative of the LGBTQ community, or discuss her or her family's struggle with mental illness or be one of the millions of Americans who have battled with and beaten an addiction.
Carrying survey equipment in remote areas in rough terrain is not easy. After a monument was found, it had to be located using GPS. Some monuments were 3 to 5 miles removed from vehicle accessible roads. Fortunately, Penfield & Smith had several four wheel ATVs available during the work, two owned by Glen Nelson and one owned by our firm. These rugged machines are what made it possible to get to the monument search area and then survey the monument if found.
Until the advent of GPS, large scale boundary surveys of remote sites in rough terrain was virtually impossible from a cost standpoint. Even the BLM later admitted that they did not perform a complete search for original monuments and evidence in T10N because it would simply cost too much. GPS completely eliminates the line of sight required by conventional optical instruments in terms of vegetation and terrain. Brush cutting is now limited to the search area instead of cutting a long line of sight to accommodate a traverse or monument side shot. In fact, GPS saves work at both ends of the process: the search A BLM "section corner" monument that was locus is pinpointed by GPS to minimize brush cutting and later re-marked as a control point pursuant then is used to position a found monument where brush to a settlement that was reached between must only cleared in the immediate vicinity for a clear sky the BLM and a protesting landowner. view. Contrast that with clearing line along a traverse for miles, looking for a monument, and then clearing another line when the monument is actually found.
This survey was conducted with a combination of static GPS in conjunction with Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS),We have a wide selection of dry cabinet to choose from for your storage needs. Real Time Kinematic GPS, and very limited conventional equipment methods. RTK can often give reliable results, but there is no way to prove the results are correct, so it was used only for navigating to a search locus area where smart phones did not have cellular coverage. Conventional equipment was used in a few instances where the tree canopy and undergrowth made clearing for GPS sky view extremely difficult. CORS was the fourth, and most productive, of the innovative tools used on this project.Interlocking security cable tie with 250 pound strength makes this ideal for restraining criminals. A CORS station has a GPS receiver running 24/7, with data available to users online within a few days. Data from the users GPS is mingled with CORS data in a processing software to create vector ties to as many CORS as needed to determine a position. The advantage is that a single user, or multiple single users, can position a found monument without the time required to set up GPS equipment on other known stations in the survey, or having to coordinate observation times with other users. It is extremely efficient to work this way, all monument positions are related, and the very accurate results are easily documented and fully repeatable.
When the BLM was done with their resurvey, they had managed to upset most of the local landowners in one way or another, not to mention create divisions between those who accepted their work and those who didn't. Landowner AUH, adjacent to the JET property, ended up with a BLM derived boundary line splitting his house in two! Needless to say, the BLM resurvey did not solve any problems as intended, and actually touched off years of litigation, clouded and uninsurable title for many owners,Largest gemstone beads and jewelry making supplies at wholesale prices. and negative relations between neighbors. Another result of the BLM survey was that the County of Santa Barbara passed an ordinance that applies only to this area, declares Tepusquet "an area of uncertain boundaries", and provides for boundary agreements between adjoining owners without going through a Subdivision Map Act process. AUH made use of this provision with two of his adjoining neighbors, referring to lines of occupation that were incorporated into the P&S survey.
There was quite a bit of suspicion from a few local landowners when Penfield & Smith contacted them to obtain permission to enter for surveying.Interlocking security cable ties with 250 pound strength makes this ideal for restraining criminals. In some cases, we needed help from the Sheriff to arrange access times and locations, with anxious landowners providing paranoid supervision to our field surveyors. For some in the area, surveyors are unwelcome because they prefer to stand by the BLM lines from which they benefitted in terms of "extra land." The P&S survey attempted to harmonize long standing evidence of occupation, accepted local monuments, and the work of George Ryzner as the best evidence of the original GLO lines and corners. It is hoped that once our survey is accepted and recorded, it will become the basis for additional "corrective" surveys and boundary line agreements, as well as secure land rights and make title insurable, thereby increasing the value of the land for all the local landowners.
This project represents the most challenging Public Lands Survey System (PLSS) survey performed by P&S since its inception. We faced many technical and legal issues, and a great deal of research was required to ensure the proper execution of the survey. The two key differences between the P&S survey and the BLM resurvey were the location of the northeast corner of T10N and the acceptance of local monuments. Both of these issues required a thorough understanding of the rules under which the BLM performed their resurvey, as well as related case law and local standards of practice. In addition, it was critical to have a solid grasp on the history and events leading up to the P&S survey, largely made possible by listening to the local landowners and considering every piece of information they had to offer. George Ryzner's niece provided P&S with a box full of his binders, photos, and maps once she heard that a local surveyor had finally agreed to take on the survey. This information turned out to be the foundation of the P&S survey. P&S extensively reviewed the hundreds of pages of technical and legal material produced for the IBLA cases, as well studied and compared reference material such as the 1973 MSI, the 2009MSI, the CFR, books on surveying case law and legal principles, and private notes and letters of both George Ryzner and AUH. We even spent several months following leads to track down two members of the 1980-1982 BLM survey crew to ask questions and verify details.
But something else was different. The 20-year-old Boston University sophomore is a brown-haired, brown-eyed woman who looks more like Salma Hayek than Gwyneth Paltrow. This could be a symbol of progress. It could be that as a culture we are broadening our image of physical perfection to be more inclusive and representative of society.
Many perhaps were expecting a stereotypical American - blond-haired and blue-eyed in the mold of Grace Kelly, Marilyn Monroe, Cheryl Tiegs, Kate Hudson, Kirsten Dunst and Amanda Seyfried.
But perusing past Miss USA winners, all of them genetically blessed no matter what the color of their hair, an interesting trend emerges. Since 2000, eight Miss USA winners (including Culpo) have been brunettes, four have been blondes and one was a redhead.
Brook Lee was the last Miss USA to wear the Miss Universe crown in 1997 and she had dark hair as well. While blondes may have more fun, it's clear the Miss USA and Miss Universe pageants prefer brunettes.
Could the look of the quintessential American beauty be changing as our population changes?
The U.S. Census Bureau estimates by 2043 whites will no longer be the majority in America. The Hispanic population is expected to more than double by 2060, making nearly one in every three U.S. residents Hispanic compared to one in six today. The black and Asian populations are on the rise as well, according to the census bureau. Perhaps, as our population has become more colorful and inclusive so has our definition of beauty.
Don't misunderstand; in no way do I condone or excuse objectifying women with a judgment on their external attributes. But it is helpful as a measure of how our culture perceives what is beautiful and how that perception might be changing.
Miss Maryland, Nana Meriwether, will take over Culpo's duties here as the new Miss USA. And in keeping with the trend she is a brunette.
Of course stereotypes persist -- "Modern Family" actress and Pepsi spokeswoman Sofia Vergara dyes her naturally blond hair brown to make her look more typically Latina.
And who can forget Dayana Mendoza? She not only won Donald Trump's 2008 Miss Universe contest, she also appeared on his 2012 edition of Celebrity Apprentice.
Throughout the season Ms. Mendoza was continually lambasted by her cast-mates, especially comedian Lisa Lampanelli. She was attacked for apparently not being smart, not working hard and in general being a bimbo. Mendoza didn't win, but she fought back and lasted longer than even she expected before hearing the infamous words from Trump, "You're fired."
Mendoza, who's from Venezuela, made it her mission on the show - along with raising money for charity -- to prove that a woman can have beauty and brains.
Culpo is also no dummy. She attends Boston University, graduated high school with honors and as a member of the National Honor Society. Her family says she conquered the cello in the second grade and played with renowned musician Yo-Yo Ma and performed at Carnegie Hall.
Music is in Culpo's genes -- both of her parents are professional musicians. But extraordinary height is not part of her DNA.
Of the 10 Miss Universe finalists she was by far the shortest woman on the stage. Culpo stands a diminutive 5-feet, 5-and-a-half-inches tall and in a world where beautiful women tend to tower toward 6-feet tall and still wear platform heels, it's nice to know a more down-to-earth woman can win too.
Like most all Americans in the 21st century, Culpo has a melting pot heritage. Culpo's father is of Italian decent and her mother is a mix of Italian and Irish ancestry.
But she looks to a Belgian-born icon for her beauty inspiration. According to Culpo's Miss USA profile she is a fan of the late actress and humanitarian Audrey Hepburn and keeps a journal of the actress's quotes.
As Hepburn did, Culpo will now champion a cause worldwide. During her year-long reign as Miss Universe she will travel around the globe to support HIV/AIDS prevention, according to the official website for Miss Universe.
I would like to suggest one more mission for the newly crowned Miss Universe - breaking beauty stereotypes. She's already proven you don't have to be a dumb blonde, and you don't have to be long and leggy to be gorgeous.
Next let's bust the beauty myth that you have to be a size zero.We recently added Stained glass mosaic Tile to our inventory. Perhaps one day we'll see a Miss USA or Miss Universe who is a size 10. And perhaps she can openly be a representative of the LGBTQ community, or discuss her or her family's struggle with mental illness or be one of the millions of Americans who have battled with and beaten an addiction.
Carrying survey equipment in remote areas in rough terrain is not easy. After a monument was found, it had to be located using GPS. Some monuments were 3 to 5 miles removed from vehicle accessible roads. Fortunately, Penfield & Smith had several four wheel ATVs available during the work, two owned by Glen Nelson and one owned by our firm. These rugged machines are what made it possible to get to the monument search area and then survey the monument if found.
Until the advent of GPS, large scale boundary surveys of remote sites in rough terrain was virtually impossible from a cost standpoint. Even the BLM later admitted that they did not perform a complete search for original monuments and evidence in T10N because it would simply cost too much. GPS completely eliminates the line of sight required by conventional optical instruments in terms of vegetation and terrain. Brush cutting is now limited to the search area instead of cutting a long line of sight to accommodate a traverse or monument side shot. In fact, GPS saves work at both ends of the process: the search A BLM "section corner" monument that was locus is pinpointed by GPS to minimize brush cutting and later re-marked as a control point pursuant then is used to position a found monument where brush to a settlement that was reached between must only cleared in the immediate vicinity for a clear sky the BLM and a protesting landowner. view. Contrast that with clearing line along a traverse for miles, looking for a monument, and then clearing another line when the monument is actually found.
This survey was conducted with a combination of static GPS in conjunction with Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS),We have a wide selection of dry cabinet to choose from for your storage needs. Real Time Kinematic GPS, and very limited conventional equipment methods. RTK can often give reliable results, but there is no way to prove the results are correct, so it was used only for navigating to a search locus area where smart phones did not have cellular coverage. Conventional equipment was used in a few instances where the tree canopy and undergrowth made clearing for GPS sky view extremely difficult. CORS was the fourth, and most productive, of the innovative tools used on this project.Interlocking security cable tie with 250 pound strength makes this ideal for restraining criminals. A CORS station has a GPS receiver running 24/7, with data available to users online within a few days. Data from the users GPS is mingled with CORS data in a processing software to create vector ties to as many CORS as needed to determine a position. The advantage is that a single user, or multiple single users, can position a found monument without the time required to set up GPS equipment on other known stations in the survey, or having to coordinate observation times with other users. It is extremely efficient to work this way, all monument positions are related, and the very accurate results are easily documented and fully repeatable.
When the BLM was done with their resurvey, they had managed to upset most of the local landowners in one way or another, not to mention create divisions between those who accepted their work and those who didn't. Landowner AUH, adjacent to the JET property, ended up with a BLM derived boundary line splitting his house in two! Needless to say, the BLM resurvey did not solve any problems as intended, and actually touched off years of litigation, clouded and uninsurable title for many owners,Largest gemstone beads and jewelry making supplies at wholesale prices. and negative relations between neighbors. Another result of the BLM survey was that the County of Santa Barbara passed an ordinance that applies only to this area, declares Tepusquet "an area of uncertain boundaries", and provides for boundary agreements between adjoining owners without going through a Subdivision Map Act process. AUH made use of this provision with two of his adjoining neighbors, referring to lines of occupation that were incorporated into the P&S survey.
There was quite a bit of suspicion from a few local landowners when Penfield & Smith contacted them to obtain permission to enter for surveying.Interlocking security cable ties with 250 pound strength makes this ideal for restraining criminals. In some cases, we needed help from the Sheriff to arrange access times and locations, with anxious landowners providing paranoid supervision to our field surveyors. For some in the area, surveyors are unwelcome because they prefer to stand by the BLM lines from which they benefitted in terms of "extra land." The P&S survey attempted to harmonize long standing evidence of occupation, accepted local monuments, and the work of George Ryzner as the best evidence of the original GLO lines and corners. It is hoped that once our survey is accepted and recorded, it will become the basis for additional "corrective" surveys and boundary line agreements, as well as secure land rights and make title insurable, thereby increasing the value of the land for all the local landowners.
This project represents the most challenging Public Lands Survey System (PLSS) survey performed by P&S since its inception. We faced many technical and legal issues, and a great deal of research was required to ensure the proper execution of the survey. The two key differences between the P&S survey and the BLM resurvey were the location of the northeast corner of T10N and the acceptance of local monuments. Both of these issues required a thorough understanding of the rules under which the BLM performed their resurvey, as well as related case law and local standards of practice. In addition, it was critical to have a solid grasp on the history and events leading up to the P&S survey, largely made possible by listening to the local landowners and considering every piece of information they had to offer. George Ryzner's niece provided P&S with a box full of his binders, photos, and maps once she heard that a local surveyor had finally agreed to take on the survey. This information turned out to be the foundation of the P&S survey. P&S extensively reviewed the hundreds of pages of technical and legal material produced for the IBLA cases, as well studied and compared reference material such as the 1973 MSI, the 2009MSI, the CFR, books on surveying case law and legal principles, and private notes and letters of both George Ryzner and AUH. We even spent several months following leads to track down two members of the 1980-1982 BLM survey crew to ask questions and verify details.
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